## Lesson Plan: First Aid Basics
### Target Audience:
- Junior Secondary 2 students (Ages 12-14)
### Subject:
- Basic Technology
### Duration:
- 1 hour
### General Objective:
- To introduce students to the basic principles and practices of first aid.
### Specific Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. Define first aid.
2. Explain the importance of first aid.
3. Identify common injuries and appropriate first aid measures.
4. Demonstrate basic first aid techniques.
### Materials Needed:
- First aid kit (for demonstration)
- Chart or PowerPoint slides on common injuries and first aid techniques
- Bandages, antiseptic wipes, and other first aid supplies
- Whiteboard and markers
- Handouts summarizing key points
### Procedure:
#### Introduction (10 minutes)
- **Greeting & Settling In**
- Welcome students to the class.
- Briefly instruct them about the importance of paying attention today as the lesson could help save lives.
- **Motivation**
- Begin with a simple question: "Has anyone ever seen someone get hurt and not know what to do?"
- Encourage students to share their experiences related to injuries and first aid.
- Provide a short story or example to illustrate the importance of knowing first aid.
#### Definition and Importance of First Aid (10 minutes)
- Write "First Aid" on the board.
- Define first aid: "Immediate assistance given to any person suffering from either a minor or serious illness or injury."
- Discuss the importance of first aid:
- Stabilizing the injured person until professional help arrives.
- Preventing the condition from worsening.
- Promoting recovery.
#### Common Injuries and Appropriate First Aid Measures (15 minutes)
- Use a Chart or PowerPoint to briefly outline common injuries:
- Cuts and scrapes
- Burns
- Sprains and strains
- Nosebleeds
- For each injury, explain the appropriate first aid steps:
- **Cuts and Scrapes:**
- Clean with water and antiseptic.
- Apply pressure to stop bleeding.
- Cover with a bandage.
- **Burns:**
- Cool the burn with running water for at least 10 minutes.
- Cover with a sterile, non-fluffy dressing or cloth.
- **Sprains and Strains:**
- Rest the affected area.
- Apply ice to reduce swelling.
- Compress with a bandage.
- Elevate the injured limb.
- **Nosebleeds:**
- Sit up and lean forward.
- Pinch the nose just above the nostrils for 10 minutes.
- Avoid blowing the nose for a few hours after bleeding stops.
#### Practical Demonstration (15 minutes)
- Demonstrate how to use basic first aid supplies from a first aid kit.
- Show how to properly clean a wound and apply a bandage.
- Demonstrate the steps to treat a burn.
- Illustrate how to use a cold pack for sprains.
- Show how to compress a bleeding nose.
- Ask for a few student volunteers to practice the demonstrated techniques with your guidance.
#### Group Activity (10 minutes)
- Divide students into small groups and provide each group with a scenario card depicting a common injury.
- Ask each group to discuss and present the appropriate first aid response for their assigned scenario.
- Provide feedback and correct any misunderstandings.
#### Conclusion (10 minutes)
- Recap the key points discussed in the lesson.
- Distribute handouts summarizing the first aid techniques covered.
- Take any questions from the students.
- Emphasize the importance of staying calm during an emergency and seeking professional medical help when necessary.
- Assign a short activity as homework: Ask students to create a first aid poster or a mini first aid guide with illustrations for one type of injury.
### Assessment:
- Observe student participation during discussions and practical demonstrations.
- Review group presentations on first aid scenarios for understanding and accuracy.
- Evaluate the homework assignment to assess individual comprehension.
### Wrap-up:
- Thank the students for their participation.
- Remind them that knowing basic first aid is a valuable skill that can make a difference in emergencies.